The Daily Temple Liturgy of Karnak

Translation and Commentary by James L. Carroll

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A i a w b p f m n r h H x X z s S o k g t T d D
A i a w b p f m n r h H x X z s S o k g t T d D

Pictures from my trip to the temple at Karnak.

View large images of the Hieratic here.

Text of the Liturgy

Intro

HA.t-a m rA.w nw xt nTr
The Beginning of: The Words Of Our Divine Things

     irt n pr Imn Ra ny-swt ntr.w
     Which Are Done In the House Of Amonrasonter
                                                         [Literally Amun Ra, King of the Gods]

    m hr hrw nt ra nb in wab Aa imi hrw=f
     In Each And Every Day By A High Priest, The One Who Is On Duty That Day.
     [literally in/under the light of every day]

 The entire phrase "The Words Of Our Divine Things, Which Are Done In The House Of Amunrasonter, In Each and Every Day By A High Priest, The One Who Is On Duty That Day" is the title of the work.

Purification Before Entering the Sanctuary

  

Chapter 1

rA n sx stA
The Recitation for a Lighting [striking] the Lamp

Dd-mdw ii.tw sp2 m Htp ir.t-@r
recite: come you, come you, in peace oh eye of Horus

    Ax.ti
    you are glorious

     wDA.tw
     you are uninjured

     rnp.wt m Htp
     You are rejuvenated [young] in peace

     psd=s mi Ra m Ax.ty
     so that it might shine in the horizons

     dgA.n=s sxm n %tx tp rd
     It has previously seen the power of Sethb

     ir.t @r iTy sw in sw rdi.t r st=s m @r
     The eye of Horus, take it(m), bring it(m), 
     it(f) being placed upon its(f) throne of Horus???c

     mAa-xrw @r hr ir.t=f
     so that Horus may be justified because of his eye, 

     ir.t @r hr dr xftyw
     the eye of Horus subduing the enemies of 

          imn ra nb ns.t tA.wy m st=sn nb.w
          Amun Ra, Lord of the Throne of the Two Lands, from all their places

Htp-di-ny-sw.t
make the kings offering

iw=i wab=kwi
because I, even I, am pure!

 a) This phrase has been alternately translated as "chapter of..."  "spell of..." etc.  I have never really seen a translation that I like, the English "chapter" has the implication of a complete book, or the part of a whole, which this phrase doesn't really have.  "Spell" has the connotation of magic, which the Egyptians didn't really associate with this phrase.  You could as easily call the Catholic Mass the "spell" for having mass.  "words for" is possible, but plural, while this phrase is singular.  Recitation seems best to me.

The Book of the Dead has a similar passage to Chapter 1, most likely borrowed from the temple liturgy:

"The Spell for Kindling a Torch for XXX:
The bright Eye of Horus comes, the glorious Eye of Horus comes; welcome, O you who shine like Re in the horizon.  It drives off the powers of Seth from upon the feet of Him who brings it.  It is Seth who would take possession of it, but its heat is against him; the torch comes.  When will it arrive?  It comes now, traversing the sky behind Re on the hands of your two sisters, O Re. Live, live, O Eye of Horus within the Great Hall!  Live, live O Eye of Horus, for he is the Pillar-of-his-Mother priest."  (R.O. Faulkner The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead p. 132 Spell 137 B)

Another similar passage is found on the Tomb of Pashedu.

The eye of Horus is often described as uninjured, referring to its restoration after Horus lost his eye battling Seth.  Most offerings are associated with the eye of Horus, referring to the offering of the restored eye back to Horus, therefore the lamp itself is a type of offering to the gods.

The word for horizons is duel.  Since the temple pylons were in the shape for the hieroglyph of a horizon, and the word for horizon is often used interchangeably with the term for temple, the priest is lighting a torch, at the time of the rising sun, which will be his light within the temple (an artificial horizon), as the sun is the light within the horizon.

b)  This translation is unclear, the book of the dead gives: "It drives off the powers of Seth from upon the feet of Him who brings it," The reference to a foot may come from a later confusion of the a glyph here for the similar looking rd (foot).  In either case the point is clear, the light of the torch dispels the chaos, represented by the darkness, and by Seth, the embodiment of chaos.  Seth supposedly wounded Horus in his eye, which was later restored to him.   If you try to follow the "foot" version from the book of the dead you get something like "so that it(f) might trample the might of Seth under the foot of the eye of Horus????" turning the word for "seeing" into the similar word for "trampling" and borrowing the "eye of Horus" text from the next line.  This is confusing partly because tp usually reads "upon," not "under" and "on the foot of the eye of Horus" doesn't make much sense, therefore the previous reading is perferred despite the Book of the Dead reference.

c) the problem here is with the sex of the pronouns, some are feminine, some are masculine.  It makes the reading of the text very unclear.  There was an occasional Theban confusion of sw(m) with st(f) in this time period which could explain this.  If this is the case all the pronouns here could refer to the feminine eye.

Chapter 2

rA n TAw sHtpy
The Recitation for bearing the censer a

Dd-mdw inD=hr=k nn imy.w-xt Dhwty
Recite: hail to your face oh followers of Thoth

a.wy=i Hr=k m @r
my arms are upon you as Horus

drt.wy=i hr=k m Dhwty
my hands are upon you as Thoth

Dba.w=i r=k m inp xnty sH nTr
my fingers are upon you as Anubis Foremost of the Divine Booth b

ink Hm anx n Ra
I, am the living servant of Ra

ink wab
I am a priest

iw=i wab=kwi
because I, even I, am pure. e

ab.w=i ab.w nTr.w
My purity is as the purity of the gods

Htp-di-ny-sw.t
make the kings offering

iw=i [wab=kwi]
because I, [even I, am pure]. f

 

 a) The word here for censer comes form the word to appease.  Apparently the offering of incense was meant to appease the deity.   This is a drawing of the likely shape of the censer.  Notice that it is in the shape of a human arm, with a cupped hand at the end.  In some depictions of the ritual of burning incense, the incense it thrown into the burning lamp described from the previous section.   

b)  This text moves down the arm, describing the censer itself, first the arm, then the hand, and finally the fingers, and associating their touch with a deity.  Notice that it is the arm that is associated with Horus, and that a depiction of Horus appears on the arm of the censer.  If the incense was burned in the lamp, then the symbols of the arm, hand and fingers was provided by the priest's own arm, hands and fingers, which were holding the lamp in his cupped hand
.

e) The priest is here justifying his right to hold the sacred incense.  He comes as a servant of Ra and the King, and he has authority, and is pure.  These two qualifications, authority and purity, are repeated often throughout the text.  "be ye clean, that bear the vessels of the LORD." (Isaiah 52:11)

f) This reconstruction is suggested from the phrase 3 lines above, and because this is how the preceding section ended.

Chapter 3

rA n wAH Aaabw Hr sHtpy
The Recitation for placing incense upon the censer

Dd-mdw ...  inD-Hr=k Aaabw pw ii  .....
Recite:  ...  hail to this incense pellet like....

...AH.wt m Dd.w sin.t AbD.w...
...the fields in Busiris which are sealed with clay?? Abydos?????.... a

wab=kwi m ir.t-!r
I am pure by means of the Eye of Horus b

     r ir=i x.wt (im=k)
    so that I can perform ordinances (with you) c

     iw=w wab n Imn Ra nb ns.t tA.wy Hna psD.tw=f
     which are pure for Amun Ra, Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands and his Ennead d

Htp di ny-swt
An offering with the king gives!

iw=i wab=kwi
I, even I, am pure!

 a) this passage is difficult to reconstruct given its fragmented condition.

b) i.e. the offering is equated with the Eye of Horus, and it is the offering of incense which is making him pure.

c) The with you doesn't make a lot of sense and is based upon the placement of a fragment of papyrus in the hole in the text at this point, a reconstruction done back around 1900.  Someone with access to the actual papyrus should check whether the fibers really line up here.  If a determinent for x.wt  was simply placed in that hole, the text would make more sense.

d) His 9 counselors a quorum of gods.

Chapter 4

rA n rdi.t snTr.w Hr sDt
The Recitation for Placing Incense Upon the Fire

Dd-mdw
Recite: 

     n bA iAbt.t
     for the Ba of the East

     n @r iAbt.t
     for Horus of the East

     n xa-mwt=f m Xnw itn=f
     for Hamewtef a in the interior of his solar disk

     n nrw psd m wDA.ty=fy
     for nrw shining in his uninjured eyes

     n Ra-@r-Axty
     for Ra-Harakhte b

          nTr aA
          The Great God

          sAb Swt
          Varied of Plumage c

          xnty itr.ty n p.t
          Foremost of the Two Chapels of Heaven d

 a) Literally, something like the Arising (the hill, or the shining) of his mother

b) Ra-Harakhte (Horus of the two horizons) This manifestation of Horus was identified with Ra and the daily voyage of the sun from horizon to horizon. The two deities combined to become Ra-Harakhte a supreme deity, and chief of the gods of Heliopolis. He was represented as a falcon or a falcon-headed man wearing the solar disk wreathed by the Uraeus.  The Greeks know him as Harmachis.

c) this passage has interesting parallels to the biblical coat of many colors.  It is written with an animals skin and a feather, implying that it may have been a garment, with varied colors, like feathers, or it could have been feathers that cover like a garment.  In either case it seems to be a priestly garment worn by the deity.

d) the Two Chapels of Heaven most likely refer back to the two horizons.  

I would guess that five incense pellets were thrown into the fire, and that one of these five phrases were spoken with each pellet, each one with a different god, or name for a god.  Notice that each of these references refer to solar concepts.  The east, where the sun rises, the solar disk, being born (of his mother), shining in its uninjured eye, (association with Horus) Ra-Harakhte, another association with Horus, and with the two horizons that are the natural temples of the sun, where it rises and sets, the two Chapels of Heaven where Ra-Harakhte, the great god, reins.

The number five may have been significant because there were five main gates that had to be passed by in order to reach the Holy of Holies, and the number five has been associated with incense in similar rituals (Rosalie David A Guide to Religious Ritual at Abydos 1981 p. 79)

Entry

  

Chapter 5

rA n nm r bw Dsr
The Recitation For Traversing To the Holy Place

Dd-mdw bA.w iwnw wDA=tn wDA=i Ts-pXr
Recite:  Oh Souls of Heliopolis, you are prosperous as I am prosperous, and visa versa 

wDA kA=tn
your ka is prosperous 

     iw kA=i wDA
     because my ka is prosperous

xnty kA.w anx.w nb.w
Foremost of all the Living Ka's

'nx (nA) nb.w anx=i
As the Lord's Live, so I live

mn-sA.wy n itm m sA nHaw=i
the Two Jars of Atum of protection for my flesh

di.t (n)=i sxm.t aA.t mr PtH
Give (to) me, Sehmet the Great, Beloved of Ptah, 

     anx Dd wAs HA iwf=i tm
     Life, Stability, and Dominion about my whole body

n anx DHwty
As Thoth Lives!

ink @r Hry
I am the chief Horus

nfr Sfy
Perfect of Awe

nb nrw
Lord of Dread

aA Sfyt
Great of Awe

oA Sw.ty
High of Feathers

aA m iA(b)d
Great one in Abydos

Htp di ny-swt
An offering which the king gives

iw=i wab=kwi
I, even I am pure.

 A Holy Place is a swept place

souls of Heliopolis, BD 115 = Ra, Shu and Tefnut

There is a pun here between the similar sounding mn-sA.wy (2 jars of Amun) and m sA nHa.w=i (of protection for my flesh).

possible washing with the two jars?

 

the n in di.t (n)=i is from the other pap.

 

 

high of feathers refers to the high feathered crown.

Chapter 6

ky-rA
Another Recitation.

rst nfry m Htp ipt-swt
Awake beautifully, and in peace oh Temple of Karnak

Hnwt rA.w-pr.w
Mistress of the temple a

nTr.w nTr.wt imy=s
and the gods and goddesses who are in it

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w ipt-swt
gods and goddesses which are in Karnak

nTr.w nTr.wt imyw wAs.t
the gods and goddesses which are in Thebes

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w iwnw
the gods and goddesses which are in Heliopolis

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w hwt-kA.w-ptH
the gods and goddesses which are in Memphis

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w p.t
the gods and goddesses which are in heaven

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w tA
the gods and goddesses which are in the earth

nTr.w nTr.wt imy.w
the gods and goddesses which are in

     rsy, mHty, imn, iAb.t
     the south, the north, the west, and the east.

nA ny-swt.w bityw ny-swt ms.w 
the kings of lower egypt and the children of the kings

Ssp HDt
who receive the white crown

iry mn.w n imn m ipt-stw
and who make a monument for Amun in Karnak

rs=tn Htp=tn
as you wake, so may you rest

rs=tn nfr m Htp
you awake beautifully and in peace.

 a) the term here w-pr.w originally meant a false door, an offering place and gateway to the world beyond, and later the term was extended to mean temple or chapel in general, in the sense of the temple as a gateway to the gods.

Opening the Shrine

  

Chapter 7

rA n sD iAdt
The Recitation for Parting the Veil

Dd-mdw sd iAdt
Recite: part the veil,

sfx dba
open the seal,

ii.n=i in.n=i n=k ir.t @r
I have come having brought to you the Eye of Horus

ir.t=k n=k @r
your eye to you, oh Horus.

 literally the word iAdt here translated as veil, is a net.  Therefore this is some type of a fabric net covering the entrance to the shrine.  The translation as "veil" is therefore chosen from context.

After Horus' battle with Seth, his reconstructed eye was brought to him.  Thereafter all offerings to the Gods were associated with the eye of Horus.  Here the priest assures the god that he is passing the veil, bringing offerings.  The notion that gifts, or some other type of offering, must be brought to a god before one can enter his presence crosses many cultures and is nearly universal.  Compare Hebrews 9:7 "But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people"

Chapter 8

rA n sd sin.t
The Recitation for breaking the seal

Dd-mdw sd sin.t
Recite: Break the Seal,

wbA qbH
???

itH mt.w n wsir
???

nn ii.n-i is r dr nTr Hr s.t-f
I have not come in order to drive out the god from his throne

ii.n-i r dit nTr Hr s.t-f
I have come to place god upon his throne

mn.tw Hr s.t-k wr.t imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
you are firm upon your great place Amunrasontair

ink bs nTr.w
I am an initiate of the gods!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Htp-di-nsw
An offering which the King gives

iw-i wab.kwi
I, even I am pure

 **************************
**************************

From this point on the translation is in draft form only.
   
   
   
rA n sfx HD
Dd-mdw

stA n stX m ir.t Hr
nDm st
sfx n stX m ir.t Hr
nDm st
sfx n dHr Hr-sA nTr imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
Ssp n-k Swty-k
HD.t-k m ir.t Hr
wnmt m wnmt iAb.t m iAbt nfr.w-k n-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
HAww Hbs tw
arq arq tw
iw Hm
ink Hm-nTr
in nsw wD wi r mAA nTr
rA n wn-Hr

Dd-mdw
wn aA.wy p.t
sn aA.wy tA
nD-Hr n gb m Dd n nTr.w
mn.tw Hr s.t-s
wn aA.wy p.t
psd psD.t
qA imn-ra nb-ns.t-tA.wy Hr s.t-f wrt
qA psD.t aA.t Hr s.t-sn
nfr.w-k n-k imn-ra nb-ns.t-tA.wy
iAww rwD Hbs.tw arq arq.tw
rA n mAA nTr

Dd-mdw
Hr-i n pA ii.tw r nTr
Ts-pXr
nTr.w iry n-i wA.t sn-i
in nsw wD-i r mAA nTr

rA n sn tA

Dd-mdw
sny-i tA
Hpt-i gb
ir-i Hss.w n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
wab wi n-f
iw fd-tn n-tn nTr.w iAd.t-tn n-tn nTr.wt iAd.t
Dd-tn n-tn

sny-i anx n pr-aA
iAw n nb-tA.wy
rA n rdit Hr X.t
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mn tw Hr Ax.t-k wr.t
rdit.n wi Hr X.t-i n snd-k
snD.kwi n Sfy Sfyw-k
Hpt.n-i gb
Hw.t-Hr di-s wr-i
nn xr-i n Sad nt hrw pn
rA n rdit Hr X.t n-i wn
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
nn iry-i m iAdt-k
nn kfAw-i Sf.wt-k
nn stwt inw-k r ky nTr
rdit.n wi Hr X.t-i n snd-k
dgA-i n mrwt-k
nn xr-k i n xryw-k m hrw pn xftyw-k msdd-k
xr-k st n xryw-k m hrw pn
nn Hwr n dwA nb-f
rA n sny tA iw Hr m Xr
Dd-mdw
sny tA Hr-i mXr
sar.n-i mAa.t
nn nTr ir ir.n-i
nn fA-i Hr r-Hr
nn wd.n-i m-sAd
nn stwt in-k r ky nTr
ky
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
in.n n-k ib-k m X.t-k rdit Hr s.t-f mi in wsir ib n bA-s Hr n-f rdit Hr s.t-f ts-pXr mi in DHwty ib n nsr.t n-s mi Htp nTr.t tn DHwty
ky
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
sdt-k m X.t-i Sfy-Sfy.w-k m-xt Ha.w-i
iAw n Ha.w-k
iAw n psD.t aA.t imy.w-xt-k
sny-i n-k tA mi nb-r-Dr
ink bA mnx anx imy Hw.t-nny-ny-sw.t
dd kA.w
dr isfy

sSm n-f i Hr X.t nHH
Htp-di-ny-sw.t
iw-i wab.kwi
rA n dwA imn
Dd-mdw
ii.n pr-aA xr-k nTr TA.w nTr.w pAwtyw-tA.wy Dsr-a imn-ra-nb-Swty sr-wr Hr HD.t-k ny-sw.t-nTr.w Hry-ib ip.t-sw.t twt imn mn m x.wt nb m rn-k n imn sxm r nTr.w nb.w
nn Hm psd.n-sn r-k m rn-sn n psD.t
ky dwA imn
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-wAs.t
Hwnw X-k r Xnw nTr.w
Haa Hr nb-i n mAA-f nb Sfy-s grH Afy nTr.w ity n nTr.w nb.w nTr aA anx mry.t Htp nTr.w Hr Dd.wt-f ny-sw.t n p.t
ir dwA.w-s Dam n nTr.w iry p.t sn ax.t sxpr nTr.w xft md.wt-f imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy xnty ip.t-s.wt imn-ra kA-mw.t-f Hry-s.t-f wr.t nb snk.ty ir aSA.wt qA Sw.ty ny-sw.t nTr.w bik aA sHb Snb.t
dwA tw xw.w nb.w anx-sn
rA n sty Hb m bit
Dd-mdw
hA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k bit ir.t-Hr bnr.t
in-fy nw ir.t ra nb Htp.w DfA.w
baH imn-ra-nb-ns.y-tA.wy im-st
bnr.t-s Hr ib-k
nn nwd r-k D.t
Htm imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m ir.t-Hr bnr.t km.t HD.t
kAp Hr itr.w
??n.t nt imn nw
Dd.n imn r-s
mts.t bwt-s grg m rn-s pwt n bi.t bnr.t-s Hr ib n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy nfr m hrw pn Htp ib-f Hr-s
wn-s r iwf.w-f
Ts-s n-f ks.w-f
sAq-s n-f a.wt-f
xnm-f sty-s r-f mi Xnm ra m Ax.t-f imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
di-i n-k ir.t-Hr bnr.t-s Hr ib-k
Htp Hr-k nfr Pr-aA
rA n snTr
Dd-mdw
ii snTr
ii sty-nTr
ii sty-s r-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
sty ir.t-Hr r-k

sty nxb.t r-k pr m nxb
ia.tw-s sXkr-s tw
ir-s s.t-s Hr-tp a.wy-k
inD Hr-k snTr
inD Hr-k mn.t wrx.w imy a.t ir.t-Hr wr pD.n-tw pr-aA m rn-k pwy n pD
snTr.n-tw pr-aA m rn-k pwy n snTr imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k ir.t-Hr
ii sty r-k sty ir.t-Hr r-k
rA n aq r Hw.t

Dd-mdw
i nTr qA m psD.t aA.t Hry.t m qd.t-f wr Sfy m-m nTr.w
ra isn n-f
itm n qmAm n-f
mi n-i imn-ra m sxnw-k pwy
pr.n-k im-f hrw pwy xa-k m nsw
xa-k n-i m p.t
pHrr-k n-i Ds-k mi pHrr-k n nrit-k Sps r nHm-k m-a app
ii.n-i xr-k imn-ra
ink DHwty sA ksw-k
i r tr Hr HH wDA.t nHm tit
ii.n i gm.n-i wDA.t
sip.n-i s n Hr s
mi n-i imn-ra
sSm-k n-i wA.t twy sqdd Hr-s
aq-i m pA
pr.n-i m rw
sqdd-i m wpty
nn Sna-i stnmm wA.wt nw hrw pn nw grH pn nw Abd pn nw rnp.t tn Xr sA-s
mi n-i imn-ra
wn-k n-i aA.wy nw p.t
sn-k n-i aA nw tA
xa-k n-i snnty xas.t
mAA n-i nTr
ii.n-i xr-f
pXr wADty-f m-xt-i
aq-i m sAH nw mAa.t r sHtp imn-ra nb-ns.t-tA.wy m mAa.t-f nfr.t nt hrw pn
rA n aq r xm n nTr
Dd-mdw
Htp sp-sn sA anx
Hw xftyw-f
sA-k r Hna-k
sxm-k r-gs-k

in.n-k stnw-k
sxn tw
ky rA
aq-i r p.t r mAA itn
sWA-i r nTr m nSny-f
iw ab.wt imy a.wy-i
nn Dd.wt n-i Hm
iw-i r rdit Htp tp s.t-f
nn sAd-i xw-i
nn Dw nb iry-i
pr m sxm.t
Htp-di-nsw
iw-i wab.kwi
rA n pr xnd
Dd-mdw
pr.n-i Hr-k wr.t m-xt-i
ab.wt Hr tp a.wy
sn.n-i Hr tfnw.t-s
wab.kwi tfnw.t
iw Hm
ink Hm-nTr sA Hm-nTr m rA-pr pn
nn iiAA-i
nn sxtxt-i
ink Hm-nTr
ii-i r ir-i-w
nn ii.n-i is r tm iry qA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy Hr s.t-f wr.t
qA psD.t aA.t Hr s.t-sn
nfr-k n-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
HAww Hbs tw
arq arq.tw
ii.n-i r dit nTr Hr s.t-f mn.tw Hr s.t-k wr.t imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
rA n wn-Hr iwnw

Dd-mdw
wn Hr n ra m Hw.t bnbn imn mnti m wAs.t nb iwn.t ity dnit xpri
sHD tA.wy m nfr.w-f
iw Hr Hna DHwty iw r mAA m Hw.t aA.t
tb-s tmm nw nw m TAw nw nxb
dit-sn m D.t nw HA.ty-k mnx nw Ha.w-k
Hnk-sn tw m xrw msdm.t antyw snTr pXr m kAri-k
bA-k sxm m iwnw
ia xn Sfy
iT-k nswy.t rn-k

Dsr m iwnw wDa mHt.w qr Hry.t
mH-k wdnw Htpw n-k xA m x.wt nb Hr xA.wt-k nw Dam nbw wab a.wy nTr nfr bA-k pr-aA mr-k sw Hnw-k m afy tA.wy
hmhm-k m-xt xAs.t nb
rA n wn-Hr

Dd-mdw
wn aA.wy p.t
sn aA.wy tA
nD-Hr n gb m Dd n nTr.w
mn.tw Hr s.t-sn
wn aA.wy p.t
psd psD.t
qA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy Hr s.t=f wr.t
qA psD.t aA.t Hr s.t-sn
nfr.w-k n-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
HAww rwD Hbs.tw arq arq.tw
rA n mAA nTr

Dd-mdw
Hr-i sA.tw r nTr
Ts-pXr
nTr.w iry n-i wA.t sn-i
in nsw wD-i r mAA nTr
rA n sn tA

Hpt-i gb
ir-i Hss n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
wab wi n-f
ifd-tn n-tn nTr.w iAd.t-tn n-tn nTr.wt iAd.t n D.t-tn n-tn
sny-i nn anx n pr-aA
iAw n nb-tA.wy
rA n rdit Hr X.t
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mn tw Hr s.t-k wr.t
rdit.n wi Hr X.t-i n snD.kwi n Sfy Sfyw-k
Hpt.n-i gb
Hw.t-Hr di-s wr-i
nn xr-i n Sad nt hrw pn
rA n rdit Hr X.t n dwn
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy

nn iry-i m iAdt-k
nn kfAw-i Sf.wt-k
nn stwt inw-k r ky nTr
rdit.kwi Hr X.t-i n snd-k
dgA-i n mrwt-k
nn xr-k i n xryw-k m hrw pn xftyw-k msdd-k
xr-k st n xryw-k m hrw pn
nn Hwr n dwA nb-f
rA n sny tA iw Hr m Xr
Dd-mdw
sny tA Hr-i m Xr
sar.n-i mAa.t
nn nTr ir ir.n-i
nn fA-i Hr r-Hr
nn wd.n-i m-sAd
nn stwt in-k r ky nTr
ky
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
in.n n-k ib-k m X.t-k rdit Hr s.t-f mi in is.t ib n sA-s Hr n-f rdit Hr s.t-f ts-pXr mi in DHwty ib n nsr.t n-s mi Htp nTr.t tn DHwty
ky
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
sdt-k m X.t-i Sfy-Sfy.w-k m-xt Ha.w-i
iAw n Ha.w-k
iAw n psD.t aA.t imy.w-xt-k
sny-i n-k tA mi nb-r-Dr
ink bA mnx imy Hw.t-nny-ny-sw.t
dd kA.w
dr isfy
sSm n-f i Hr X.t nHH
Htp-di-ny-sw.t
iw-i wab.kwi
rA n sntr.w
Dd-mdw
ii nTr DbAw m Ha.w=f
kp.w n=f sw m ir.t=f n=i D.t=f
sntr. n nTr pr im=f Hr sty rDw pr m iwf=f fd.t-nTr
hA.tw r tA
rdit n=f sw n nTr.w nb.w
xa=k im=sn m nb snD
xpr=f Sfy.w=k n-im=sn
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k st rdit n=k st

ir.t-Hr pw
anx=s anx pA.w
anx iwf=k
rd mt.w=k
iHm ib n nTr.w Axtyw r=k
mAA=sn tw
xnm=sn sty=k
iw=k xa tw Hr tA=k
kA wDy=f
ky
ii sntr sp-2
ii sty nTr
ii xnm nTr
ii dgA.w
ii fd.t nTr
ii sty=s r=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
Ssp.n.tw ir.t-Hr m pXrw sw
ii sty=s r=k imn-ra-nb-ns.-tA.wy
qA r=k m-m nTr.w
nfr.wy sty nTr
qA tw m nTr
mr.n tw ra-Hr-Axty
Ssp.n tw fnD=f
wab r=k sntr n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy
qA r=k sntr n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy
sqA. n tw ir.t-ra r p.t
Ssp.n tw nTr.w
mr.n tw ib=sn
Htp r=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy
in.tw ib.w=k
in.n n=k ir.t-Hr wrr.tw=k
Ssp ib=k
xnm fnd=k m sntr pwy sty-snTr
ir.tw sty-Hb m HtA m sD.t=f
sxy=f r p.t xr ra
ir.tw sty-Hb im=f n nTr.w nb.w m sty=s pr im=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy
xa wr.t
qA tw m tp=k wtt imn
smn tw m nb xa sXkr=s m-HA.t=k
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy
Ts n=k ir.t-Hr
ii sty=s r=k
sty ir.t-Hr r=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tAwy

snTr Ab-mr
dwA imn
Dd-mdw
ii.n pr-aA xr=k imn
twt imn mn m xt nb m rn=k n imn
twt sA smSw sms mn xr it tA mw.t=k nw.t wtt iwaa=f
snT=f xa m ny-sw.t-bity
sxm tw r nTr.w nb.w
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs wr m iwnw aA m wAs.t m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs sr tA.wy m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs qd-sw Ds=f m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs iry Hry sStA.w Axty m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs iw n=f nTr.w m ks nb snd.t aA SfySfy m ib n rxyt [...] nb m Htp
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp
rs nb Htp.w Htp.t twy nfr Htp [...]
Htp imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy nb Abd iry n=f tp sw 10 mn-imn mnmn mw.t=f
inD-Hr=k in n[w.t] mAa.t n=k mrr=k nfr.wy iry mAa n imn sHtp=s mw.t=f nw.t
qA sp-2
qA tw m-Xnw Axty
rdit n=k ra Hw siA
bnri mr
Ssp n=k Htp DfA.w

Hms=k m sx.wt-Htp
iw n=k imy.w p.t m Haaw
mAA=sn tw m it=sn
siAA=sn nb=sn im=k
xpr tw m Hry=sn m rn=k n xpri
sar=sn n=k m rn=k n ra-itm
Hry=sn r=k m rn=k n itm
Ts.tw mAa.t m-bAH=k
di=s a.wy=s HA=k
wnn kA=k im=st
qd.n.tw sA.t=k
qd.n=k s
xpr tw m kA.w n nTr.w nb.w
Sd n=k sw
sanx n=k sw twt iry kA.w=sn
ab n=k psD.t m Dr.ty=ky m nTr 10 tnw m Dba.w=k m nTr 10 tnw m sAH.w=k
inq n=k nTr.w nb.w
xa tw m nb wrr.tw
Xn n=k tA.w nb.w
sxm tw m rsy
sxm tw m xnt
smAm n=k mDH afy
twt ms nTr.w nb.w
twt it m xt nb pr.n ir.ty=k m tp=k m wr.t-HkA rsy m wr.t-HkA xnt
rd is m tp=k m-xt=sn nb.w m imy=sn nb.w
twt imn
twt itm
twt xpri
ab n=k nTr.w nb.w kA=sn is
Ax=sn is
DfA.w=sn is
xt=sn nb is
ii.n pr-aA xr=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
di=k wnn=f xnty-anx.w
Htp=k n=f imn-ra-kA-mw.t=f Hry s.t wr.t xnty ip.t-sw.t
Dd=f m-bAH=k
ir=k n=f xt nb nfr
nHm=k sw m-a xt nb bin Dw
nn xpr=sn r=f D.t
ky
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp

rs imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m Htp
twt sA smsw sms tA.wy xr it=k tA mw.t
in=k nw.t tw.t nTr xpr m sp tpy
nn xpr nTr
nn mA nTr.w rn n xt nb
wn=k ir.ty=k
mAA=k n-im=sn
xpr HDD.w n bw nb.w m Hsy m ib ir.ty=k
nn xpr hrw
wp=k rA=k
md.t=k im=k
smn=k m a.wy=k wnm m rn=k n imn
twt kA n nTr.w nb.w
twt imn
twt itm
twt xpri
twt n nb tA.wy Dr=f
xa ny-sw.t-bity Sma.w mHw
ms nTr.w
msw rmT
msw xt nb anx
anx tw
sxm tw r nTr.w nb.w
Xn.n=k psD.t
ab tw
Sd n=k st
sanx n=k mAa.t twt ir kA st
rdit n=k Htm Hr m psD.t
tw=k m nTr xw m Dba.w m nTr 10
tn m saH=k
xpr tw nb m xt nb itm xpr m sp tpy qA Swty=k wtt qmAm n=k r nTr.w nb.w
ky
rs tw
Htp tw
rs=k m Htp imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m Htp
wHm sSd ny-sw.t nTr.w fa-a nb wrr.t kA-mw.t=f xnty-sxt=f
pD nm.t xnty tA Sna.w
ab n=k nTr.w imnt.t bA.w
swAS tw nTr.w iAbt.t
dwA tw psD.t Axty bA.w
rdit n=f itm sp-2 wr Sad snr m sxm=f tw m-a nTr.w qA-a xAbxs n=f Swty
smAm=k mdH afn.t

di=k a.wy=k Htp nTr.w itm wsr tp-tr.wy imn rn=f r ms.w=f Hry-tp psd m ir.ty=f sxm wr qA Hr ns.t=f
anx nTr.w Ax.tyw mw ipn xpr Xr=f pr Hrw m-Xnw swH.t=f
sms n=f imy.w dwA.t ra Hry anx.w wp rA nfr n imy.w p.t
sSm nfr n dwA.tyw
anx psD.t
mAA=sn tw
ii.n pr-aA xr=k nb=f
sHtp=f tw
Dd=f mrr=k
Htp=k n=f nfr m hrw pn
ky dwA imn
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr=k imn-ra
sxm ntr xpr m sp tpy
nb nHH
wa
msw nTr.w
msw rmT.t
msw xt
nb anx
pr=k m wa
wa m xrdw mw xr it=k
ta mw.t=k nw.t
iw=k m Hr sHD tA.wy m ir.ty=f
nn xpr itn imy.w p.t tp=k pwy
pH n=f Hry.t m xprw=k n qA Sw.ty
pr m mw
xsbd=f pXr m rn=k pwy n xsrw Dw.w
wsH=k xrw ms.w nb Dw Hm pr-aA mi wD=k st r iry st
nHm=k sw m-a=sn
ntf=k iAbd Hna mit
iw=f rx rn=k ipw nfr
ir.n=k
wnn=k waw m xrd mw m rn=k pwy n ir
nn wrd nfi
hAy n nTr.w ...
iw miAw n nb=tn waw pwy
imn=f sw r ms.w=f
HqA.n=f tA pn xft pr=f m mw
TAm=f m sD.t iwty ar.n=f sw m rn=f pwy n gAf?
is nn di=k pr-aA n ab pwy imy HA.t=f ... n dSS.t n ms.w p.t n [it=sn]
ms.w bdS.w
xw=k sw

ntk xw
mak sw
ntk mak
ntk ir nTr xprw=k Hr=f anx wAs
nn mwt=f D.t nHH
ky dwA imn Hr-tp dwA
Dd-mdw
rs=k nfr imn-ra-Hr-Axty itm xpri Hr-DA-p.t bik aA sHb [...] nfr-Hr m Swty wr
rs=k nfr Hr-tp dwA
Dd n=k psD.t
tmm tw hy hn n=k m mSrw
swAS.tw=k nmmty sDr iwr HD tA r ms.tw=k xnm.tw mw.t=k ra-nb
anx ra ..f n=k iw
iw=k mn.tw rqy.w=k xr DA=k Hry.t m anx wAs Hb=k p.t m ad wr S.t=k m wiA=k
iw ib=k nDm
iw Sty xa.tw r-HA.t=k
wbn ra psd Axtyw=k n Hrty HAy.w xprw ti.yt ra m ihy Hr tA m rSwy sp-2 psD.t aA.t ir.n=w hn imn-ra Hr pr m mAa-xrw
sp 4
rA n Hnk mAa.t
Dd-mdw
ii.n=i xr=k
ink DHwty
a.wy=i tm Xr mAa.t
inD-Hr=k imn-ra nTr pn Ssps nb nHH
Xnm n=f Hry.t
xa m itn Hry-tp dwAw
sn ... mi iry.n wbny
sHD.n=f qrty
sSm D.t=f r nTr.w
dgA snD=f imy.w sSm=f
pXr.n=f Ax irty=f
Hwnw ntr imy Xmnw
sfy Spss nA Xmnw
ntk bA sty Hr-ib Ddd.t Sfy ...rt
ir Xr.wt n psD.t
tmm tw tm stnw wa r snw=f n-im=sn
mAa.t
ii.tw
wnn=s Hna=k
iw mAa.t m... nb
Htp=k Hr=st
xprw pw n=i

Snw Hry.t a.wy=sn Hr dwA=k ra nb
ntk dd Xnmww r fnD nb r sanx ir m a.wy=k
ntk nTr pn ir m a.wy=k wp Hr=k
nn ky Hna=k
inD-Hr=k
Hw.t?r tw mAa.r ir.ny qmAm wnn.wt
ntk nTr-nfr mryt
Htp=k
iry n=k nTr.w mAa
bs=k m mAa.t
anx=k m mAa.t
Xnm Ha.wt=k m mAa.t
di=k Htp mAa.t Hr-tp=k
iry=s s.t=s imy wp.t=k sA.t=k mAa.t
rnp=k n mAA=s
anx=k m sty iAd.t=s
dd mAa.t m wDA.t r xx=k
Htp=s Hr Snb.t=k
bA=k n=k nTr.w Hns.wt m mAa.t
iw=w rx sbq im
di=k nTr.q nTr.wt imy=k Xr mAa.t
iw=w rx anx=k im=s
wnm.t=k m mAa.t
iAb.t=k m mAa.t
iwf=k Ha.w=k m mAa.t
Xnmww n X.t=k
ib=k n mAa.t
Sm=k tA.wy Xr mAa.t
wrH=k tp=k m mAa.t
Sm=k a.wy=k Xr mAa.t
mnx=k isnt=k m mAa.t
Hbs n Ha.w=k m mAa.t
wnm=k m mAa.t
siwr=k m mAa.t
t.w=k m mAa.t
Hnq.t=k m mAa.t
xnm=k snTr m mAa.t
Xnmww n fnD=k m mAa.t
iw n=k itm Xr mAa.t
wp-Hr=k
mAA=k mAa.t
wD-nTr=k Sw sA ra
iry=f n=k mAa.t m tAy=k imy pr

Htp=k
rd=k im=s
fA n=k mAa.t a.wy=s r xft-Hr=k
nfr ib=k im=s
iw n=k r a.wy tA Xr mAa.t
rdit Snw nb n itn
aA=k
xyy=k imn-ra
iw mAa.t Xnm itn=k
aA=k
wr ky sA nb nTr.w
iw mAa.t m psD.t tmm.t
iw n=k mAa.t
xsf=s Dw.w=k
iry=s wrr.t Hr tp=k
xa HD n ra-Hr-Axty
iry=f n=k mAa.t m nAy=k tA.wy wr.w
Hnk n=k DHwty mAa.t
a.wy=f nfr=st r xft-Hr=k
kA=k n=k
dwA tw mAa.t
Xnm Ha.w=k m mAa.t
rSwy=k
rnp=k n mAA=s
anx ib n imn-ra
iw mAa.t xa.tw r-HA.t=f
sAt=k mAa.t m HA.t skty
nts wa=s tA nty m kAri=k
wnn=k wnn mAa.t Ts-pXr
wnn mAa.t iAbxt tw m tp=k
xpr=s m-bAH=k r nHH
ir.tw n=k mAa.t r sHtp ib=k
anx ib=k im=s
anx bA=k imn-ra
iw mAa.t xa.tw m xpS=k
nmw=s rn=k pA nb nTr.w
iw mAa.t Htp.tw r xft-Hr=k
xa ra
dr=f xftyw=k
iw mAa.t mn.tw m-HA.t skty
iw=k ii.tw m iAbt.t nt p.t
DAy Aaany.w imy.w p.t
Hnk n=k iimnttyw mAa.t r xft-Hr=k n p.t tA

pXr=k p.t
sSsm=k tA
iw mAa.r Hna=k ra nb
Htp=k m dwA.t
iw mAa.t Hna=k
sHD n=k X.wt qrty
bs n=k m a.t imn
Htp=k
rd=k im=s
Dd n=k psD.t tmm.t
mAa-xrw=k r HH n sp
mAa-xrw imn-ra-Hr-Axty
kAp=k ib.w xr n Sad=f ib.w-nTr.w nb xr=k ra nb
iw mAa.t Htp.tw m-Xnw kAri=k
DHwty wr-HkA Hr iry mkt=k
sxr=f n=k nkiw Dw
diw tA.wy n TA nTr.w imn-ra-Hr-Axty
fA.n=s sw ny-sw.t-bity nTr.w imn-ra qA psD.t p.t tA
ir.wt n sA=k nTr.w nTr.wt
..s wD=k HD.t dSr mn.tw Hr-tp=k ntyw nA-anw Hr TP=k
iw mAa.t mn.tw m-Xnw ip.t-s.wt
wAswy mAa.t wa=s
ntk iiry=s
nn ky nTr pS [...] Hna=k wp-Hr=k D.ty nHH
grH
inD-Hr=k Hry-tp ra
wp iSd
kA n psD.t
Hwn nTr.t
wbn m Hry.t
sHD tA.wy m Ax.t ir.ty=f
rw StA
xty mAnw nTr.t
iry ib.w-nTr.w
ntk nTr nfr
nb nTr.w
sxm imy.w p.t
iry tmm.w
dwza=sn r nH.t=k ra nb
tm siA n Hr nb.w n mAA=k sfy mnx pr m Xrdw
sHD tA.wy xft qmAm n=k ny-sw.t-bity itm
nb tA.wy [...] iwnw mAa-xrw Hry nTr.w
nH pw sxm nt p.t imn mry itm sr m wAs.t

rA n snTr n psD.t
Dd-mdw
wab nTr.w m Smaw-mHw psD.t aA.t mi-qd=sn imy.w-xt imn m Hw.t-nTr=f
is dit=tn a.wy=tn Hr sty pw nDm ifd.t nTr pr im=f
is dit=tn a.wy=tn Hr sty wr pr m ir.t-Hr maA-xrw Hr.w n nTr.w m Smaw-mHw psD.t aA.t mi-qd=sn imy.w-xt imn m Hw.t-nTr=f
is dit=tn a.wy=tn Hr sty Ax pr m Axty
ii sty=s r=tn
sty ir.t-Hr r=tn
rA n rdit a.wy-f Hr nTr
Dd-mdw
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
inD-Hr-k skr
inD-Hr-k wsir m hrw pn nfr m Hnk Sa.w m-a-k
DHwty iw r mAA-k nms-f r xx-f mA Dw-f r pH-f rs.tw r-k
sDm-k md.wt-f
inD-Hr-k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
ii.n-i m wp.t n it itm
a.wy-i Hr-k m Hr
Dr.ty-k m DHwty
Dba.w-i r-k m inp xnty sH-nTr
ink Hm anx n ra
ink wab
iw-i wab.kwi
abw Htp abw nTr.w
Htp-di-ny-sw.t
iw-i wab.kwi
rA n rdit a.wy-i Hr hn r irt abw
Dd-mdw
ii bd.w sp-sn
ii nxx pr m irt-Hr
i sn anq-i
i sn DHwty anq-f im
i sn.kwi
dr-i anq
Htp-di-ny-sw.t
iw-i wab.kwi
rA n abw 4 nms.t nt 3
Dd-mdw
pXr HA r sp 4
wab wab imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k mw imy.w ir.t-Hr
ab n-k ir.t-k

ab n-k tp-k
ab n-k ksw-k
smn n-k tp-k r ksw-k xr gb DHwty
ab sw itm
ii-k wab wab imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
sp-4
iry abw m 4.t dSr.t nt 3
Dd-mdw
pXr HA-i r sp 4 wab sp-sn imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k mw imy.w ir.t-Hr dSr.t ab n-k ir.t-k ab n-k tp-k ab ksw-k
smn n-k tp-k r ks-k xr gb DHwty
ab sw itm-k DHwty
di-f ir.t-Hr n-f
wab sp-sn imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy kA-mw.t-f Hry s.t-f wr.t
mi-k ir.t-Hr
ii sty-s r-k sty ir.t-Hr r-k wab sp-sn imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp 4
irt abw m snTri
Dd-mdw
wab wab imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
imn-ra-kA-mw.t-f Hry s.t-f wr.t
mi n-k ir.t-Hr
ii sty-s r-k
sty ir.t-Hr r-k
wab wab imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
sp 4
rA n mnx HD
Dd-mdw
hA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
Ssp n-k s Ssp-k pn
Ssp n-k nfr.t-k pn
Ssp n-k mdy-k pn
Ssp n-k mnx.t-k nt
Ssp n-k ir.t twy nt Hr HD.t prt m nxb
xa-k im-s
mnx.t-k ims m rn-s pwy n mnx-t
dmi-s Hr-k m rn-s pwy n idmi aA
sHr-k m rn-s pwy n aA.t sSr-ny-sw.t
sHr-k m rn-s pwy n sSr-ny-sw.t
DbA.n-tw ir.t-Hr m DbAw rnnw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k ir.t-Hr HD.t ib snTr-s
nrw n-k nTr.w
nrw n-s nTr.w mi nr.n-sn m ir.t Hr

rA n DbAw mnx.t
Dd-mdw
DbAw.n sw imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy tAy.t nmtA-f Hr tA-f mtwt
DbAw.n sw Hr m tAy.t-f nmtA-f Hr tA-f mtwt
DbAw.n sw DHwty m tAy.t-f nmtA-f Hr tA-f mtwt
DbAw.n sw dwn-anwy m tay.t-f nmtA-f HrvtA-f mtwt
hA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n-k ir.t-Hr siAA n-k m Hw.t-sr wr imy iwnw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
siA tw n kA-k r xftyw-k
rA n DbAw mnx.t wAD
Dd-mdw
xa wADy.t nb nby.t iqr.t nty
xsf=s m p.t tA
wAD.t swAD=s imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m wAD st smnx.t=s n mnx.t=s tn swAD=s
rnpf n=s mi rn sHn ra
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
swDA imy st
rA n DbAw mnx.t ins
Dd-mdw
xa ir.t-ra nb-tA.wy HqA.t nms wr.t nb.t nSn.w Hnw.t
ir=s wD md.t ir psD.t m wD n=st swAD=st wAD=s n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
smnx.t=s m mnx.t=st n swAD=s imy.w
wAD=st
mi=t ir=t m nTr.w nty xnty=f xa.t m-HA.t=f
xw.tw=s makt sw
dit snd=f wr Sfyw tw=f
aA sxm=f r nTr.w imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy anx.tw
mA.tw rnp.wt mi ra ra nb
Hknw r=k m nfr.w=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy n=k imy tA.wy tm
nn xsf.tw a=k tA Dr=f
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
mAA=k im=st
rA n DbAw mnx.t idmi
Dd-mdw
Ssp imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy Sd=f m idmi.t Hr a.wy tAy.t r iwf=f
dmi nTr r nTr
TA nTr r nTr m rn=s pwy n idmi.t
ya ntt SS=s in Hap
sHD Hr=s in Axw mnx.t sSny n is.t msnw n nb.t-Hw.t
tr=sn sSsp mnx.t n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy

mAa-xrw imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy r xftyw=f sp 4
rA n Hnk mD.t
Dd-mdw
nn HrHr ib n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy m xsf ir.t=f nt D.t=f
nn HrHr ib n Hr m xsf ir.t=f nt D.t=f
swAD=s tw
sXkr=s tw m rn=s pwy n wAD.t
snDm sty=s r=k m rn=s pwy n nDm-sty
mD.t
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mH n=k ir.t-Hr mD.t
sty-Hb
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mH n=k ir.t-Hr sHb
Hknw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mH n=k ir.t-Hr mD.t nw Hknw=s m tp=k
sfy
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr sfkk.n stX Xr=s
nXnm
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr Xnm.n=f mD.t
twA
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr in.n=f twA n=f nTr.w im=s
HA.t nt aS
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr Xn.n=f r-HA.t=k
HA.t nt THnw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr Xn.n=f r-HA.t=k
ibr
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr nn biA=s r=k biA n stX Xr=s
bq
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr sip n=k sw bAq=tw
hA imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mH n=k ir.t-Hr mD.t pr m ir.t-Hr m rn=s pwy n mD.t
di=k sw r-HA.t=k ir.t-Hr sxm.t
ps=s n=k nTr.w imy.w-xt stX
rdit n=k gb iwaa=f

mAa-xrw=k r xftyw=k
is Xn.n=k wrr.tw xnty nTr.w tp.w-tA
wp-wA.wt wp=f n=k wA.wt r xftyw=k
rdit n=k ir.t-Hr
Htp=k Hr=s
di=k sw n imy.w-xnty=k
di=k sw n imy=k ir.t-Hr r-HA.t=k imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy r sp 4
ir.wt n hrw-nt 6-nt 15-nt n HAw r pA rA n Hnk mD.t n imny.t
Dd-mdw
i mrH.t tn sp-2
i Hwn.t my ir-t-Hr
Hwn.t imy HA.t Hr
di n=i wAD m HA.t imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
snDm=f Xr=st
sAx=f Xr=s
dit sxm=f m D.t=f
di=f Sad.w=f m ir.ty Ax.wt nb.w
mAA=sn n=f
sDm=sn n=f m rn=f is
rA n Hnk wAD.w
Dd-mdw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
swDA Hr=k im=s
rA n Hnk msdm
Dd-mdw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
mAA=k im=s
rA n wpA Sa.w
Dd-mdw
Hr
gm.n=k ir.t=k
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
gm.n=k ir.t=k
Hr
Sd.n=k sw
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
Sd.n=k sw
wpA.n=k ir.t-Hr m-a=k
xA=s n=f Hr=s
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n smin pXr HA sp-4

Dd-mdw
smin sp-2 wp rA=k
dp=k dp=f
xnty sH-nTr
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
dp.n=f iSS n Hr
smin iSS n DHwty
smin twt ib n Hr nb stX nb
smin wab=k abw-nTr.w Sps
iw Hr wab sp-2
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n bd
Dd-mdw
bd=k bd Hr Ts-pXr
bd=k bd DHwty Ts-pXr
bd=k bd dwn-anwy Ts-pXr
Dd=k r imy-tw=sn
Snw=k nTr.w
wab sp-3
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n snTr
Dd-mdw
snTr=k snTr Hr Ts-pXr
snTr=k snTr DHwty Ts-pXr
snTr=k snTr dwn-anwy Ts-pXr
snTr tp=k
snTr kA=k
snTr nTr=k
swab ksw.=k tm
ii=k rdit n=k ir.t-Hr Htm Hr=k im=s pdty
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
ii sty=s r=k
sty ir.t-Hr r=k
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
irt abw
Dd-mdw
abw=k abw Hr Ts-pXr
abw=k abw DHwty Ts-pXr
abw=k abw dwn-anwy Ts-pXr
rA=k rA n bHs Hr ir.t=f hrw ms sw mw.t=f im
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4

rA n smin
Dd-mdw
smin sp-2 wp rA=k
dp=k dp=f xnty sH-nTr
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
dp n=f
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n mw
Dd-mdw
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
[...] n=k mw imy=s
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n snTr
Dd-mdw
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy imn-ra-kA-mw.t=f Hry-s.t=f wr.t
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
ii sty=s r=k
sty r=k
wab.n tw Hr
sntr.n=f tw m ir.t=f nt D.t=f
Htm.n tw im=s m rn=s pwy n pD.w
sntr.n tw im=s m rn=s pwy n sntr
imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy
mi n=k ir.t-Hr
ii sty=s r=k sty ir.t-Hr r=k
wab sp-2 imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy sp-4
rA n kp antyw
Dd-mdw
wab
iw wab n imn-ra-nb-ns.t-tA.wy n imn-ra-kA-mw.t=f Hry-s.t=f wr.t
wab [...]=f
anx Dd wAs snb Aw.t-ib nb xr=k ny-sw.t-bity pr-aA anx.w nb D.t
nA.w smAa.n tw twtw ir.w m-bAH imn
Dd-mdw
nn n smAa wab twt n [...] mr
Ssp Htp [...]=k Htp		  
   
   
   

Comparison of temple liturgies from Egypt.

 

Karnak Liturgy

Abydos

Edfu

Denderah
Purification Before Entering the Sanctuary 1.   rA n sx stA
The words for a lighting [striking] the lamp

2.  rA n TAw sHtpy

3.  rA n wAH Aaabw Hr sHtpy

4.  rA n rdit snTr Hr sDt

     
Entry 5.  rA n nmt r bw Dsr

6.  ky-rA

1.  rA n ao r wn Hr m Xnw n Hwt aAt . . .    
Opening the Shrine 7.  rA n sD iAdt

8.  

9.  

     
Adoration of the God 10.  

11.  

12.  

13.  

14.  

15.  

16.  

17.  

18.  

19.  

     

Israelite Daily Liturgy:

As long as we are comparing the Egyptian Daily Rituals to each other, it may also be interesting to compare them with the daily rituals of the societies that surrounded them in order to see their influence on other cultures, and the cultures that they themselves may have borrowed from.  The Israelite daily temple liturgy is one such comparison that can be made.

1.      The offering of a yearling lamb  (Ex. 29:38-42) which was accompanied with:

1.     Music, vocal and instrumental (2 Chr. 29:27-28).

2.     Worship and prayer on the part of the people present (2 Chr. 29: 28; Luke 1: 10; Acts 3: 1).

3.     Psalms, one being appointed for each day in the week: Ps. 24, 48, 81, 82, 92, 93, 94.

2.      In the Holy Place, every morning and evening, incense was burnt upon the altar of incense (Ex. 30:7-8). 

3.      A meal and drink offering was made every morning and evening as a burnt offering (Ex. 29:38-42), probably in connection with the daily burnt offering (Lev. 6:20).  

Besides the public offerings, numerous private offerings were daily made. In later times daily offerings were also made on behalf of the gentile authorities; the kings of persia (Ezra 6: 9-10); the kings of Syria (1 Macc. 7: 33); the Roman emperors and Roman people (Josephus, De Bell. Jud. II. x. 4).

Recommended Reading

A Guide to Religious Ritual at Abydos by Rosalie David